Visual word recognition of single-syllable words. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 10, 340–357. Are lexical decisions a good measure of lexical access? The role of word frequency in the neglected decision stage. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, Linguistic Data Consortium.īalota, D. Bentong, Pahang: PTS Publications Sdn Bhd.īaayen, R. Teras pendidikan bahasa Melayu: Asas pegangan guru. From inkmarks to ideas: Current issues in lexical processing. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 20, 398–403.Īndrews, S. The University of Valencia’s computerized word pool. The database of lexical and behavioral measures for Malay is available at supplemental.Īlgarabel, S., Ruiz, J. Separate hierarchical regression analyses for Malay and English revealed how the consistency of orthography-phonology mappings selectively modulates the effects of different lexical variables on lexical decision and speeded pronunciation performance. Then, in order to develop a better understanding of word recognition in orthographies with more consistent mappings to phonology than English, we compiled a database of lexical variables (letter length, syllable length, phoneme length, morpheme length, word frequency, orthographic and phonological neighborhood sizes, and orthographic and phonological Levenshtein distances) for 9,592 Malay words. In the present article, we first compare the letter-phoneme and letter-syllable ratios for a sample of alphabetic orthographies to highlight the importance of separating language-specific from language-universal reading processes. Malay, a language spoken by 250 million people, has a shallow alphabetic orthography, simple syllable structures, and transparent affixation-characteristics that contrast sharply with those of English.
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